Introduction Flow meters are a core component of industrial production, with applications deeply intertwined with the national economy, national defense, and scientific research. Against the backdrop of a escalating energy crisis and continuous improvement in industrial automation, the role and importance of flow meters are increasingly prominent. Their accurate operation is crucial for ensuring product quality, improving production efficiency, and driving technological development. The commonly used unit for measuring flow is m³/h, and it is mainly divided into two types: First, instantaneous flow, which refers to the flow rate of fluids (including gases and liquids) or solids through the effective cross-section of a pipe or open channel per unit time; Second, cumulative flow, which is the sum of instantaneous flow rates within a specific time period, serving as an important basis for industrial metering and cost accounting.